Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen
The Thomsen–Friedenreich (TF) antigen, also known as CD176, is a disaccharide structure comprising galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine (Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr). It serves as the core 1 structure in O-linked glycosylation of proteins. In healthy tissues, the TF antigen is typically masked by additional carbohydrate chains or sialylation, rendering it inaccessible to the immune system. However, in many cancer…